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Live Analysis of Supreme Court Decision on Affirmative Action

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Poll Shows Lead for Democrat on Eve of Massachusetts Senate Election

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The Early Word: Escalating

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Supreme Court Strikes Down Part of Voting Rights Act

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Democratic Donors to Attend Fund-Raising Meeting for Pro-Clinton Group

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The Early Word: Dismantled

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Live Analysis of the Supreme Court Decisions on Gay Marriage

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In Senate Floor Speech, Rubio Explains His Immigration Push

When the Senate votes this week on legislation that would revamp the nation's immigration laws, perhaps the most watched vote will be the one cast by Senator Marco Rubio, Republican of Florida and a prominent Hispanic voice in his party.

On Wednesday, Mr. Rubio, an author of the bipartisan bill being debated, took to the Senate floor to explain - and at times defend - his involvement in the largest immigration overhaul in decades.

Mr. Rubio, who was elected to the Senate in 2010 on a Tea Party wave, began by acknowledging all of the phone calls and e-mail messages - not always happy ones, he noted - that he had received in recent weeks from conservatives and Tea Party activists from around the country. These constituents, he said, were “patriots” - not “anti-immigrant” or “close-minded” people, as some pro-immigration advocates have called them.

Then, Mr. Rubio turned to the current immigration system.

“W e have a badly broken legal immigration system,” he said. “And we have 11 million people living in this country illegally in de facto amnesty.”

Mr. Rubio has been closely watched throughout the entire process, and he has explained (and re-explained) his legislation to conservative television and radio hosts, not to mention his colleagues in both the Senate and the House. On Wednesday he offered further explanation as to why he chose to get involved with a bill to overhaul the nation's immigration laws.

“This isn't about becoming a Washington dealmaker,” he said. “Truthfully, it would have been a lot easier to just sit back, vote against any proposal and give speeches about how I would have done it differently.”

“And finally,” he added, “this certainly isn't about gaining support for future office. Many commentators and leaders, people who I deeply respect and with whom I agree on virtually every other issue, are disappointed about my inv olvment in this debate.”

Indeed, in addition to frustrating many conservatives and Tea Party activists, Mr. Rubio split with his mentor - former Senator Jim DeMint of South Carolina, who is now leading the charge against Mr. Rubio's bill from his perch at the Heritage Foundation - on the topic of immigration.

“I got involved in this issue for one simple reason,” Mr. Rubio said. “I ran for office to try and fix things that are hurting this special country, and in the end, that's what this is about for me - trying to fix a serious problem that faces America.”



The Early Word: Approved

In Today's Times:

  • While the recently expired Supreme Court term had elements of modesty, Chief Justice John G. Roberts Jr. has been playing a long game, persuading the more liberal justices to join compromise opinions as he patiently sways the court to the right, Adam Liptak writes.

Washington Happenings:

  • Continuing his Africa tour in Senegal on Friday, Mr. Obama will attend an event focused on food security for We st African farmers. Later, he and his family will travel to South Africa, where he will visit the United States Consulate in Johannesburg.
  • Representative Zoe Lofgren, Democrat of California, and Representative Mario Diaz-Balart, Republican of Florida, will talk about what could stand in the way of Congress passing comprehensive immigration overhaul at Bloomberg Government on Friday.
  • The House Committee on Oversight and Government Reform is scheduled to consider a resolution on Lois Lerner, the former head of the Internal Revenue Service's division on exempt organizations, and her potential waiver of her right not to incriminate herself at a hearing in May.


On Nuclear Waste Bill, Senators Look to Public for Help

After the Obama administration abandoned plans in 2009 to bury nuclear waste at a repository in Nevada's Yucca Mountain, a spot chosen by leading senators more than 20 years earlier, a study commission recommended that a new location be picked through “a consent-based process.”

On Thursday, a group of senators introduced a bill, the Nuclear Waste Administration Act, that would establish such a process, based in part on public comments solicited online by the bill's sponsors - a practice generally reserved for rules proposed by federal agencies. Call it consent-based legislation.

“The Senate did something highly unusual,” said Per F. Peterson, a professor of nuclear engineering at the University of California, Berkeley, and a public policy expert. He said the way the l egislation was developed resembled the process used by the study commission, which held hearings around the country. Taking public comment “establishes a strong foundation for the legislation to be successful if passed by the Senate and then by the House,'' he said.

Others are not so optimistic. In the House, there is still strong support for trying to revive the Yucca plan, first proposed in 1987. That effort would depend on the outcome of a lawsuit heard by the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia in May 2012. The three judges have not yet ruled.

But the Congressional process thus far has been stunning compared with the process in 1987. At that time, senators from other states that had potential sites, including Texas, Louisiana and Washington, cut a deal to choose Nevada, which was unabl e to fight it off. After Senator Harry Reid of Nevada became the Democratic leader, though, he cut off funding and the consensus fell apart.

Under the new bill, a new federal agency would be empowered to cut a deal with a state and local governments, subject to approval by Congress. It does not define the elements of such a deal, but the expectation is that the government would offer what amounted to a handsome dowry for an ugly bride: money for roads, universities or other goodies.

In the interim, the bill would allow above-ground storage of nuclear waste in a central location, a temporary resolution to a problem that has arisen as reactors retire and the waste is orphaned.

The bill was introduced by Senators Di anne Feinstein, Democrat of California and chairwoman of the Appropriations Subcommittee on Energy and Water Development; Lamar Alexander of Tennessee, the subcommittee's ranking Republican; Ron Wyden, Democrat of Oregon and chairman of the Energy and Natural Resources Committee; and Lisa Murkowski of Alaska, the ranking Republican member.

Congress leaves town for the Fourth of July recess on Friday, but the Senate could take up the measure later this year.



The Weekend Word: Covered

In Today's Times

  • The Obama administration is moving forward with a rule requiring most employers to provide free insurance coverage for women's contraceptives, in spite of strong resistance from religious groups, Robert Pear writes. The decision has touched off a legal and political battle that figured prominently in last year's elections and is likely to rage for another year.
  • While supporters of an immigration overhaul are hardly confident, they say House Republicans will discover a crucial difference this year from failed immigration efforts of the past: The coalition behind the bill is far more energized and committed than in previous fights. The movement's diversity gives advocates a variety of pressure points for approaching reluctant House Republicans, Julia Preston reports.
  • Whether at the White House or the grand presidential palace in Senegal, President Obama has made a point in recent weeks of reassuring Americans that he is not spying on them, Peter Baker writes. His statements reflect the sensitivity of a president elected after assailing counterterrorism policies that he ultimately adopted in some form after taking office.
  • Thousands of couples, married in one state but living in another, are caught in a confusing web of laws and regulations when moving from one part of the country to another, Sheryl Gay Stolberg reports. The Obama administration is now trying to grapple with how t o extend federal rights and benefits to same-sex couples when states, not the federal government, dictate who is married.

Weekly Address

  • President Obama used this week's address to talk about his latest plan to combat climate change and the string of severe weather events that battered parts of the country. “The cost of these events can be measured in lost lives and livelihoods, lost homes and businesses, and hundreds of billions of dollars in emergency services and disaster relief,” he said. “The question is not whether we need to act. The question is whether we will have the courage to act before it's too late.” He discussed a plan that would cut carbon pollution, provide more resilient infrastructure for homes and businesses, and enable the country to lead global efforts to use cleaner energy sources. “This is the fight America can and will lead in the 21 st century,” he said. “But it will require all of us, as citizens, to do our part.”

Happenings in Washington

  • Teams from each branch of the military will compete in “Grill of Honor,” a Fourth of July grilling contest judged by the celebrity guests Carson Daly and Brooklyn Decker.


Sunday Breakfast Menu, June 30

Sunday's Breakfast MenuStephen Crowley/The New York Times

With the exact whereabouts of Edward J. Snowden unknown, Julian Assange, the founder of WikiLeaks, will join ABC's “This Week” on Sunday to discuss how his antisecrecy group has helped Mr. Snowden in the wake of his disclosures about the National Security Agency.

In the aftermath of the Supreme Court's decisions on the Defense of Marriage Act and California's Proposition 8, the Sunday shows will feature figures on both sides of the debate over same-sex marriage. On CBS's “Face the Nation,” Theodore B. Olson, the conservative lawyer who challenged Proposition 8, and Tony Perkins, the president of the Family Research Council and an opponent of same-sex marriage, will discuss the outcomes. Mr. Olson's co-counsel, David Boies, will appear on CNN's “State of the Union” to weigh in on the case.

In addition to Mr. Assange, ABC will have interviews with Chad Griffin, the president of the Human Rights Campaign, and Brian S. Brown, the president of the National Organization for Marriage. And Representative Tim Huelskamp, the Kansas Republican who says he will introduce a constitutional amendment to restore the Defense of Marriage Act, will be on NBC's “Meet the Press.”

Last week also saw the Senate approve a significant overhaul of the nation's immigration system. As lawmakers look ahead to the challenge of getting the legislation through the House, “Fox News Sunday” will talk to Senator John McCain, Republican of Arizona, and Senator Charles E. Schumer, Democrat of New York, who helped usher the bill through the Senate. Also on the program will be Representative Trey Gowdy of South Carolina, chairman of an immigration subcommittee, and Representative Mario Diaz-Balart, Republican of Florida and a member of the House group working on immigration reform.

Representative Nancy Pelosi of California, the House Democratic leader, will join NBC to discuss the bill's prospects in the House, as well as the Supreme Court's decisions on same-sex marriage.

Representative Robert W. Goodlatte of Virginia, chairman of the House Judiciary Commi ttee, and Representative Luis V. Gutierrez, Democrat of Illinois and chairman of the Congressional Hispanic Caucus's task force on immigration, are scheduled to appear on CNN to talk about immigration.

Mr. Goodlatte will also join Bloomberg's “Capitol Gains” at noon Eastern.

State Senator Wendy Davis of Texas, who made headlines last week for staging an 11-hour filibuster to fight a bill restricting abortion rights, will tour the shows on Sunday, visiting the programs on ABC, CBS and NBC.

Also on CBS: Gen. Michael V. Hayden, who served as director of the N.S.A. under George W. Bush.

Telemundo's “Enfoque,” which airs at noon Eastern, will have a packed program on immigration with Senator Marco Rubio, Republican of Florida and a key player in getting the bill through the Senate; Senator Robert Menendez, Democrat of New Jersey a nd another member of the group that worked on immigration; Representative Ileana Ros-Lehtinen, Republican of Florida and chairwoman of the House Foreign Affairs Committee; Mr. Gutierrez; and Cecilia Muñoz, President Obama's chief domestic policy adviser.

Mr. Menendez will also appear on Univision's “Al Punto” at 10 a.m. Eastern.

In addition to Fox, Mr. Diaz-Balart appeared on Bloomberg's “Political Capital” on Friday along with Ms. Muñoz. Repeats of the program air throughout the weekend.

Representative Michael McCaul, Republican of Texas and the chairman of the Homeland Security Committee, will join C-Span's “Newsmakers” to talk about topics including border security and the N.S.A.



Q&A: Scanning a Signature for Digital Documents

Q.

What's the easiest way to digitize my handwritten signature for use in signing electronic documents?

A.

If you have access to a scanner, writing your name solidly in dark ink in on white paper and scanning the page is one way to go. Once you save the image file of your signature, you can insert it into Word documents, PDF files or as an image in your e-mail program's signature area. (When saving the scanned file, choosing the black-and-white bitmap or PNG formats may result in a crisper signature, but the JPG format is more common.)

Image-editing programs like Adobe Photoshop have tools for cleaning up and enhancing your scanned signature, as demonstrated in this tutorial. Adobe TV has a video that shows how to use its Adobe Acrobat software to do the same thing. If you have a Mac with a built-in Webcam and at least OS X 10.7 (Lion), you can also use the Preview app to create a digital signature file you can use to sign documents.

If you do not have a scanner - but have a smartphone - a free or inexpensive document-scanning app can capture an image of your signature; many of these can also convert photos of documents into PDF files or images. Some apps can also directly digitize your signature, so you may want to browse around your phone's online store to see what solution works best for you.



Q&A: Reorganizing the Video Library in iTunes 11

Q.

I have several home-ripped and downloaded old television shows in my collection, but iTunes 11 has put these into the Movies section under Home Videos. Can I move those files to the TV Shows section?

A.

While iTunes 11 automatically sorts movies and television shows purchased from the iTunes Store into the correct content library, new videos imported from other sources often get filed automatically in the Home Videos area because the program needs more information about the clips. To move those home-ripped files into the TV Shows library, you just need to edit each file's information field.

Start by clicking on a video you want to move. Go to the iTunes File menu and select Get Info. (If you prefer keyboard shortcuts to menus, click on the video and press Control and I keys on a Windows PC - or the Mac's Command and I keys - at the same time.)

When the video's information box appears, click the Options tab. Use the drop-down menu next to “Media Kind:” to change Home Video to TV Show. If you want to add additional information about the video, like the proper name of the show, a short description of the episode or the season number, click the Video tab and type in the details. Click the Info tab to edit the name iTunes displays for the video. Click the OK button when you have finished and the video should now appear in the TV Shows library under the name you have given it.



To-Do Lists, File Sharing and Other Home Worker Needs

This week's App Smart column was all about apps for smartphones and tablets that can help home workers make the most of their time and the quiet environment. This is a handy trick because for some people, like your columnist, many out-of-office working tasks can actually be carried out on a tablet or phone - no PC required.

Keeping on top of your different tasks is an important part of working from home, and Microsoft's One Note is great for this. It's free on iOS, and Android. The app comes with all of Microsoft's office software expertise and it can sync with task list data you create on your computer. But mainly, it's great for working on the move or at home. The idea behind the app is that you can make annotated lists to remind you what tasks you've got to tackle and then check them off when you're done. One issue is that you can only create 500 notes with the app, and then you have to pay - it's $5. You also have to sign up for a Windows Live ID, but that is fre e.

The Bento app on iOS is a great alternative for keeping track of different tasks you're working on at home. It lets you build lists so you can keep on top of all your projects and even plan events and file all the relevant contacts you'll need for a particular task. But it costs $5, and you may find it just a little too complicated if you're only an occasional home worker.

Besides keeping to-do lists, you also may have to remotely access your Mac or PC. This can be a helpful if you're working on a tablet from a coffee shop or other venue and your main computer is at home. The popular iOS app LogMeIn is great for this purpose. It connects over the Internet to a companion app that's running on your computer, and lets you directly control that machine as if you were sitting at it. LogMeIn is free, but to access a few extra features like high definition video and audio streaming to your mobile device, you'll have to buy a subscription that costs $20 for three mon ths.

Working from home can mean spending a lot of time on the phone to keep in touch with colleagues or customers. To manage all these contacts' business cards, check out Business Card Reader Pro - a $7 iOS app. You use the app to snap an image of the business card, and then it performs optical character recognition to convert the text in the image into data your phone can recognize and then stores as a contact. The $10 Android app ABBYY Business Card Reader is similar in function, and promises to work in 20 languages.

Home working often means that you have to share files with co-workers or your boss who are located elsewhere. The free Box app on iOS and Android is great for simple and straightforward file sharing. It's a cloud-based app and even gives you 5GB of storage space free. It's simple to use, and you can even encrypt the files with a pass code so only the people you really want to read the file's content can do so. The app i s an alternative to the well-known DropBox and you may find you prefer its interface.

Finally don't forget that working from home can be a slightly isolating experience, so why not get your colleagues or customers to use a video calling app like Skype from time to time?

Quick Call

We're all used to sharing photos and video via our phones, but new iOS app Muzio has an unusual twist to the trick: It lets you share albums of photos, video and text as one neat package. The user gets a simple Web link and can then browse the content online. It's free.



Sunday Breakfast Menu, June 30

Sunday's Breakfast MenuStephen Crowley/The New York Times

With the exact whereabouts of Edward J. Snowden unknown, Julian Assange, the founder of WikiLeaks, will join ABC’s “This Week” on Sunday to discuss how his antisecrecy group has helped Mr. Snowden in the wake of his disclosures about the National Security Agency.

In the aftermath of the Supreme Court’s decisions on the Defense of Marriage Act and California’s Proposition 8, the Sunday shows will feature figures on both sides of the debate over same-sex marriage. On CBS’s “Face the Nation,” Theodore B. Olson, the conservative lawyer who challenged Propositio 8, and Tony Perkins, the president of the Family Research Council and an opponent of same-sex marriage, will discuss the outcomes. Mr. Olson’s co-counsel, David Boies, will appear on CNN’s “State of the Union” to weigh in on the case.

In addition to Mr. Assange, ABC will have interviews with Chad Griffin, the president of the Human Rights Campaign, and Brian S. Brown, the president of the National Organization for Marriage. And Representative Tim Huelskamp, the Kansas Republican who says he will introduce a constitutional amendment to restore the Defense of Marriage Act, will be on NBC’s “Meet the Press.”

Last week also saw the Senate a! pprove a significant overhaul of the nation’s immigration system. As lawmakers look ahead to the challenge of getting the legislation through the House, “Fox News Sunday” will talk to Senator John McCain, Republican of Arizona, and Senator Charles E. Schumer, Democrat of New York, who helped usher the bill through the Senate. Also on the program will be Representative Trey Gowdy of South Carolina, chairman of an immigration subcommittee, and Representative Mario Diaz-Balart, Republican of Florida and a member of the House group working on immigration reform.

Representative Nancy Pelosi of California, the House Democratic leader, will join NBC to discuss the bill’s prospects in the House, as well as the Supreme Court’s decisions on same-sex marriage.

Representative Robert W. Goodlatte of Virginia, chairman of the House Judiciary Committee, and Representative Luis V. Gutierrez, Democrat of Illinois ad chairman of the Congressional Hispanic Caucus’s task force on immigration, are scheduled to appear on CNN to talk about immigration.

Mr. Goodlatte will also join Bloomberg’s “Capitol Gains” at noon Eastern.

State Senator Wendy Davis of Texas, who made headlines last week for staging an 11-hour filibuster to fight a bill restricting abortion rights, will tour the shows on Sunday, visiting the programs on ABC, CBS and NBC.

Also on CBS: Gen. Michael V. Hayden, who served as director of the N.S.A. under George W. Bush.

Telemundo’s “Enfoque,” which airs at noon Eastern, will have a packed program on immigration with Senator Marco Rubio, Republican of Florida and a key player in getting the bill through the Senate; Senator Robert Menendez, Democrat of New Jersey and another member of the group that worked on immigration; Representative Ileana Ros-Lehtin! en, R! epublican of Florida and chairwoman of the House Foreign Affairs Committee; Mr. Gutierrez; and Cecilia Muñoz, President Obama’s chief domestic policy adviser.

Mr. Menendez will also appear on Univision’s “Al Punto” at 10 a.m. Eastern.

In addition to Fox, Mr. Diaz-Balart appeared on Bloomberg’s “Political Capital” on Friday along with Ms. Muñoz. Repeats of the program air throughout the weekend.

Representative Michael McCaul, Republican of Texas and the chairman of the Homeland Security Committee, will join C-Span’s “Newsmakers” to talk about topics including border security and the N.S.A.



The Weekend Word: Covered

In Today’s Times

  • The Obama administration is moving forward with a rule requiring most employers to provide free insurance coverage for women’s contraceptives, in spite of strong resistance from religious groups, Robert Pear writes. The decision has touched off a legal and political battle that figured prominently in last year’s elections and is likely to rage for another year.
  • While supporters of an immigration overhaul are hardly confident, they say House Republicans will discover a crucial difference this year from failed immigration efforts of the past: The coalition behind the bill is far more energized and committed than in previous fights. The movement’s diversity gives advocates a variety of pressure points for aproaching reluctant House Republicans, Julia Preston reports.
  • Whether at the White House or the grand presidential palace in Senegal, President Obama has made a point in recent weeks of reassuring Americans that he is not spying on them, Peter Baker writes. His statements reflect the sensitivity of a president elected after assailing counterterrorism policies that he ultimately adopted in some form after taking office.
  • Thousands of couples, married in one state but living in another, are caught in a confusing web of laws and regulations when moving from one part of the country to another, Sheryl Gay Stolberg reports. The Obama administration is now trying to grapple with how to extend federal rights and benefits to same-sex cou! ples when states, not the federal government, dictate who is married.

Weekly Address

  • President Obama used this week’s address to talk about his latest plan to combat climate change and the string of severe weather events that battered parts of the country. “The cost of these events can be measured in lost lives and livelihoods, lost homes and businesses, and hundreds of billions of dollars in emergency services and disaster relief,” he said. “The question is not whether we need to act. The question is whether we will have the courage to act before it’s too late.” He discussed a plan that would cut carbon pollution, provide more resilient infrastructure for homes and businesses, and enable the country to lead global efforts to use cleaner energy sources. “This is the fight America can and will lead in the 21st century,” he said. “But it will require all of us, as citizens, to do our art.”

Happenings in Washington

  • Teams from each branch of the military will compete in “Grill of Honor,” a Fourth of July grilling contest judged by the celebrity guests Carson Daly and Brooklyn Decker.


The Weekend Word: Covered

In Today’s Times

  • The Obama administration is moving forward with a rule requiring most employers to provide free insurance coverage for women’s contraceptives, in spite of strong resistance from religious groups, Robert Pear writes. The decision has touched off a legal and political battle that figured prominently in last year’s elections and is likely to rage for another year.
  • While supporters of an immigration overhaul are hardly confident, they say House Republicans will discover a crucial difference this year from failed immigration efforts of the past: The coalition behind the bill is far more energized and committed than in previous fights. The movement’s diversity gives advocates a variety of pressure points for aproaching reluctant House Republicans, Julia Preston reports.
  • Whether at the White House or the grand presidential palace in Senegal, President Obama has made a point in recent weeks of reassuring Americans that he is not spying on them, Peter Baker writes. His statements reflect the sensitivity of a president elected after assailing counterterrorism policies that he ultimately adopted in some form after taking office.
  • Thousands of couples, married in one state but living in another, are caught in a confusing web of laws and regulations when moving from one part of the country to another, Sheryl Gay Stolberg reports. The Obama administration is now trying to grapple with how to extend federal rights and benefits to same-sex cou! ples when states, not the federal government, dictate who is married.

Weekly Address

  • President Obama used this week’s address to talk about his latest plan to combat climate change and the string of severe weather events that battered parts of the country. “The cost of these events can be measured in lost lives and livelihoods, lost homes and businesses, and hundreds of billions of dollars in emergency services and disaster relief,” he said. “The question is not whether we need to act. The question is whether we will have the courage to act before it’s too late.” He discussed a plan that would cut carbon pollution, provide more resilient infrastructure for homes and businesses, and enable the country to lead global efforts to use cleaner energy sources. “This is the fight America can and will lead in the 21st century,” he said. “But it will require all of us, as citizens, to do our art.”

Happenings in Washington

  • Teams from each branch of the military will compete in “Grill of Honor,” a Fourth of July grilling contest judged by the celebrity guests Carson Daly and Brooklyn Decker.


On Nuclear Waste Bill, Senators Look to Public for Help

After the Obama administration abandoned plans in 2009 to bury nuclear waste at a repository in Nevada’s Yucca Mountain, a spot chosen by leading senators more than 20 years earlier, a study commission recommended that a new location be picked through “a consent-based process.”

On Thursday, a group of senators introduced a bill, the Nuclear Waste Administration Act, that would establish such a process, based in part on public comments solicited online by the bill’s sponsors â€" a practice generally reserved for rules proposed by federal agencies. Call it consent-based legislation.

“The Senate did something highly unusual,” said Per F. Peterson, a professor of nuclear engineering at the University of California, Berkeley, and a public policy expert. He said the way the legislation was developed reembled the process used by the study commission, which held hearings around the country. Taking public comment “establishes a strong foundation for the legislation to be successful if passed by the Senate and then by the House,’’ he said.

Others are not so optimistic. In the House, there is still strong support for trying to revive the Yucca plan, first proposed in 1987. That effort would depend on the outcome of a lawsuit heard by the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia in May 2012. The three judges have not yet ruled.

But the Congressional process thus far has been stunning compared with the process in 1987. At that time, senators from other states that had potential sites, including Texas, Louisiana and Washington, cut a deal to choose Nevada, which was unable to fight it off. After Senator Harry Reid of Nev! ada became the Democratic leader, though, he cut off funding and the consensus fell apart.

Under the new bill, a new federal agency would be empowered to cut a deal with a state and local governments, subject to approval by Congress. It does not define the elements of such a deal, but the expectation is that the government would offer what amounted to a handsome dowry for an ugly bride: money for roads, universities or other goodies.

In the interim, the bill would allow above-ground storage of nuclear waste in a central location, a temporary resolution to a problem that has arisen as reactors retire and the waste is orphaned.

The bill was introduced by Senators Dianne Feinstein, Democrat of California and chairwoman of the Appropriations Subcommttee on Energy and Water Development; Lamar Alexander of Tennessee, the subcommittee’s ranking Republican; Ron Wyden, Democrat of Oregon and chairman of the Energy and Natural Resources Committee; and Lisa Murkowski of Alaska, the ranking Republican member.

Congress leaves town for the Fourth of July recess on Friday, but the Senate could take up the measure later this year.



On Nuclear Waste Bill, Senators Look to Public for Help

After the Obama administration abandoned plans in 2009 to bury nuclear waste at a repository in Nevada’s Yucca Mountain, a spot chosen by leading senators more than 20 years earlier, a study commission recommended that a new location be picked through “a consent-based process.”

On Thursday, a group of senators introduced a bill, the Nuclear Waste Administration Act, that would establish such a process, based in part on public comments solicited online by the bill’s sponsors â€" a practice generally reserved for rules proposed by federal agencies. Call it consent-based legislation.

“The Senate did something highly unusual,” said Per F. Peterson, a professor of nuclear engineering at the University of California, Berkeley, and a public policy expert. He said the way the legislation was developed reembled the process used by the study commission, which held hearings around the country. Taking public comment “establishes a strong foundation for the legislation to be successful if passed by the Senate and then by the House,’’ he said.

Others are not so optimistic. In the House, there is still strong support for trying to revive the Yucca plan, first proposed in 1987. That effort would depend on the outcome of a lawsuit heard by the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia in May 2012. The three judges have not yet ruled.

But the Congressional process thus far has been stunning compared with the process in 1987. At that time, senators from other states that had potential sites, including Texas, Louisiana and Washington, cut a deal to choose Nevada, which was unable to fight it off. After Senator Harry Reid of Nev! ada became the Democratic leader, though, he cut off funding and the consensus fell apart.

Under the new bill, a new federal agency would be empowered to cut a deal with a state and local governments, subject to approval by Congress. It does not define the elements of such a deal, but the expectation is that the government would offer what amounted to a handsome dowry for an ugly bride: money for roads, universities or other goodies.

In the interim, the bill would allow above-ground storage of nuclear waste in a central location, a temporary resolution to a problem that has arisen as reactors retire and the waste is orphaned.

The bill was introduced by Senators Dianne Feinstein, Democrat of California and chairwoman of the Appropriations Subcommttee on Energy and Water Development; Lamar Alexander of Tennessee, the subcommittee’s ranking Republican; Ron Wyden, Democrat of Oregon and chairman of the Energy and Natural Resources Committee; and Lisa Murkowski of Alaska, the ranking Republican member.

Congress leaves town for the Fourth of July recess on Friday, but the Senate could take up the measure later this year.



To-Do Lists, File Sharing and Other Home Worker Needs

This week’s App Smart column was all about apps for smartphones and tablets that can help home workers make the most of their time and the quiet environment. This is a handy trick because for some people, like your columnist, many out-of-office working tasks can actually be carried out on a tablet or phone â€" no PC required.

Keeping on top of your different tasks is an important part of working from home, and Microsoft’s One Note is great for this. It’s free on iOS, and Android. The app comes with all of Mcrosoft’s office software expertise and it can sync with task list data you create on your computer. But mainly, it’s great for working on the move or at home. The idea behind the app is that you can make annotated lists to remind you what tasks you’ve got to tackle and then check them off when you’re done. One issue is that you can only create 500 notes with the app, and then you have to pay â€" it’s $5. You also have to sign up for a Windows Live ID, but that is free.

The Bento app on iOS is a great alternative for keeping track of different tasks you’re working on at home. It lets you build lists so you can keep on top of all your projects and even plan events and file all the relevant contacts you’ll need for a particular task. But it costs $5, and you may find it just a little too complicated if you’re only an occasional home worker.

Besides keeping to-do lists, you also may have to remotely access y! our Mac or PC. This can be a helpful if you’re working on a tablet from a coffee shop or other venue and your main computer is at home. The popular iOS app LogMeIn is great for this purpose. It connects over the Internet to a companion app that’s running on your computer, and lets you directly control that machine as if you were sitting at it. LogMeIn is free, but to access a few extra features like high definition video and audio streaming to your mobile device, you’ll have to buy a subscription that costs $20 for three months.

Working from home can mean spending a lot of time on the phone to keep in touch with colleagues or customers. To manage all these contacts’ business cards, check out Business Card Reader Pro â€" a $7 iOS app. You use the app to snap an image of the business card, and then it performs opical character recognition to convert the text in the image into data your phone can recognize and then stores as a contact. The $10 Android app ABBYY Business Card Reader is similar in function, and promises to work in 20 languages.

Home working often means that you have to share files with co-workers or your boss who are located elsewhere. The free Box app on iOS and Android is great for simple and straightforward file sharing. It’s a cloud-based app and even gives you 5GB of storage space free. It’s simple to use, and you can even encrypt the files with a pass code so only the people you really want to read the file’s content can do so. The app is an alternative to the well-known DropBox and you may find you prefer its interface.

Final! ly don’t forget that working from home can be a slightly isolating experience, so why not get your colleagues or customers to use a video calling app like Skype from time to time?

Quick Call

We’re all used to sharing photos and video via our phones, but new iOS app Muzio has an unusual twist to the trick: It lets you share albums of photos, video and text as one neat package. The user gets a simple Web link and can then browse the content online. It’s free.



To-Do Lists, File Sharing and Other Home Worker Needs

This week’s App Smart column was all about apps for smartphones and tablets that can help home workers make the most of their time and the quiet environment. This is a handy trick because for some people, like your columnist, many out-of-office working tasks can actually be carried out on a tablet or phone â€" no PC required.

Keeping on top of your different tasks is an important part of working from home, and Microsoft’s One Note is great for this. It’s free on iOS, and Android. The app comes with all of Mcrosoft’s office software expertise and it can sync with task list data you create on your computer. But mainly, it’s great for working on the move or at home. The idea behind the app is that you can make annotated lists to remind you what tasks you’ve got to tackle and then check them off when you’re done. One issue is that you can only create 500 notes with the app, and then you have to pay â€" it’s $5. You also have to sign up for a Windows Live ID, but that is free.

The Bento app on iOS is a great alternative for keeping track of different tasks you’re working on at home. It lets you build lists so you can keep on top of all your projects and even plan events and file all the relevant contacts you’ll need for a particular task. But it costs $5, and you may find it just a little too complicated if you’re only an occasional home worker.

Besides keeping to-do lists, you also may have to remotely access y! our Mac or PC. This can be a helpful if you’re working on a tablet from a coffee shop or other venue and your main computer is at home. The popular iOS app LogMeIn is great for this purpose. It connects over the Internet to a companion app that’s running on your computer, and lets you directly control that machine as if you were sitting at it. LogMeIn is free, but to access a few extra features like high definition video and audio streaming to your mobile device, you’ll have to buy a subscription that costs $20 for three months.

Working from home can mean spending a lot of time on the phone to keep in touch with colleagues or customers. To manage all these contacts’ business cards, check out Business Card Reader Pro â€" a $7 iOS app. You use the app to snap an image of the business card, and then it performs opical character recognition to convert the text in the image into data your phone can recognize and then stores as a contact. The $10 Android app ABBYY Business Card Reader is similar in function, and promises to work in 20 languages.

Home working often means that you have to share files with co-workers or your boss who are located elsewhere. The free Box app on iOS and Android is great for simple and straightforward file sharing. It’s a cloud-based app and even gives you 5GB of storage space free. It’s simple to use, and you can even encrypt the files with a pass code so only the people you really want to read the file’s content can do so. The app is an alternative to the well-known DropBox and you may find you prefer its interface.

Final! ly don’t forget that working from home can be a slightly isolating experience, so why not get your colleagues or customers to use a video calling app like Skype from time to time?

Quick Call

We’re all used to sharing photos and video via our phones, but new iOS app Muzio has an unusual twist to the trick: It lets you share albums of photos, video and text as one neat package. The user gets a simple Web link and can then browse the content online. It’s free.



Q&A: Reorganizing the Video Library in iTunes 11

Q.

I have several home-ripped and downloaded old television shows in my collection, but iTunes 11 has put these into the Movies section under Home Videos. Can I move those files to the TV Shows section?

A.

While iTunes 11 automatically sorts movies and television shows purchased from the iTunes Store into the correct content library, new videos imported from other sources often get filed automatically in the Home Videos area because the program needs more information about the clips. To move those home-ripped files into the TV Shows library, you just need to edit each file’s information field.

Start by clicking on a video you want to move. Go to the iTunes File menu and select Get Info. (If you prefer keyboard shortcuts to menus, click on the video and press Control and I keys on a Windows PC â€" or the Mac’s Command and I keys â€" at the same time.)

When the video’s information box appears, click the Options tab. Use the drop-down enu next to “Media Kind:” to change Home Video to TV Show. If you want to add additional information about the video, like the proper name of the show, a short description of the episode or the season number, click the Video tab and type in the details. Click the Info tab to edit the name iTunes displays for the video. Click the OK button when you have finished and the video should now appear in the TV Shows library under the name you have given it.



Q&A: Reorganizing the Video Library in iTunes 11

Q.

I have several home-ripped and downloaded old television shows in my collection, but iTunes 11 has put these into the Movies section under Home Videos. Can I move those files to the TV Shows section?

A.

While iTunes 11 automatically sorts movies and television shows purchased from the iTunes Store into the correct content library, new videos imported from other sources often get filed automatically in the Home Videos area because the program needs more information about the clips. To move those home-ripped files into the TV Shows library, you just need to edit each file’s information field.

Start by clicking on a video you want to move. Go to the iTunes File menu and select Get Info. (If you prefer keyboard shortcuts to menus, click on the video and press Control and I keys on a Windows PC â€" or the Mac’s Command and I keys â€" at the same time.)

When the video’s information box appears, click the Options tab. Use the drop-down enu next to “Media Kind:” to change Home Video to TV Show. If you want to add additional information about the video, like the proper name of the show, a short description of the episode or the season number, click the Video tab and type in the details. Click the Info tab to edit the name iTunes displays for the video. Click the OK button when you have finished and the video should now appear in the TV Shows library under the name you have given it.



The Early Word: Approved

In Today’s Times:

  • While the recently expired Supreme Court term had elements of modesty, Chief Justice John G. Roberts Jr. has been playing a long game, persuading the more liberal justices to join compromise opinions as he patiently sways the court to the right, Adam Liptak writes.

Washington Happenings:

  • Continuing his Africa tour in Senegal on Friday, Mr. Obama will attend an event focused on food security for West African farmers. Later, he and his family will trav! el to South Africa, where he will visit the United States Consulate in Johannesburg.
  • Representative Zoe Lofgren, Democrat of California, and Representative Mario Diaz-Balart, Republican of Florida, will talk about what could stand in the way of Congress passing comprehensive immigration overhaul at Bloomberg Government on Friday.
  • The House Committee on Oversight and Government Reform is scheduled to consider a resolution on Lois Lerner, the former head of the Internal Revenue Service’s division on exempt organizations, and her potential waiver of her right not to incriminate herself at a hearing in May.


The Early Word: Approved

In Today’s Times:

  • While the recently expired Supreme Court term had elements of modesty, Chief Justice John G. Roberts Jr. has been playing a long game, persuading the more liberal justices to join compromise opinions as he patiently sways the court to the right, Adam Liptak writes.

Washington Happenings:

  • Continuing his Africa tour in Senegal on Friday, Mr. Obama will attend an event focused on food security for West African farmers. Later, he and his family will trav! el to South Africa, where he will visit the United States Consulate in Johannesburg.
  • Representative Zoe Lofgren, Democrat of California, and Representative Mario Diaz-Balart, Republican of Florida, will talk about what could stand in the way of Congress passing comprehensive immigration overhaul at Bloomberg Government on Friday.
  • The House Committee on Oversight and Government Reform is scheduled to consider a resolution on Lois Lerner, the former head of the Internal Revenue Service’s division on exempt organizations, and her potential waiver of her right not to incriminate herself at a hearing in May.


Q&A: Scanning a Signature for Digital Documents

Q.

What’s the easiest way to digitize my handwritten signature for use in signing electronic documents?

A.

If you have access to a scanner, writing your name solidly in dark ink in on white paper and scanning the page is one way to go. Once you save the image file of your signature, you can insert it into Word documents, PDF files or as an image in your e-mail program’s signature area. (When saving the scanned file, choosing the black-and-white bitmap or PNG formats may result in a crisper signature, but the JPG format is more common.)

Image-editing programs like Adobe Photoshop have tools for cleaning up and enhancing your scanned signature, as demonstrated in this tutorial. Adobe TV has a video that shows how to use its Adobe Acrobat software to do the same thing. If you have a Mac with a built-in Webcam and at least OS X 10.7 (Lion), you can also use the Preview app to create a digital signature file you can use to sign documents.

If you do not have a scanner â€" but have a smartphone â€" a free or inexpensive document-scanning app can capture an image of your signature; many of these can also convert photos of documents into PDF files or images. Some apps can also directly digitize your signature, so you may want to browse around your phone’s online store to see what solution works best for you.



Q&A: Scanning a Signature for Digital Documents

Q.

What’s the easiest way to digitize my handwritten signature for use in signing electronic documents?

A.

If you have access to a scanner, writing your name solidly in dark ink in on white paper and scanning the page is one way to go. Once you save the image file of your signature, you can insert it into Word documents, PDF files or as an image in your e-mail program’s signature area. (When saving the scanned file, choosing the black-and-white bitmap or PNG formats may result in a crisper signature, but the JPG format is more common.)

Image-editing programs like Adobe Photoshop have tools for cleaning up and enhancing your scanned signature, as demonstrated in this tutorial. Adobe TV has a video that shows how to use its Adobe Acrobat software to do the same thing. If you have a Mac with a built-in Webcam and at least OS X 10.7 (Lion), you can also use the Preview app to create a digital signature file you can use to sign documents.

If you do not have a scanner â€" but have a smartphone â€" a free or inexpensive document-scanning app can capture an image of your signature; many of these can also convert photos of documents into PDF files or images. Some apps can also directly digitize your signature, so you may want to browse around your phone’s online store to see what solution works best for you.



In Senate Floor Speech, Rubio Explains His Immigration Push

When the Senate votes this week on legislation that would revamp the nation’s immigration laws, perhaps the most watched vote will be the one cast by Senator Marco Rubio, Republican of Florida and a prominent Hispanic voice in his party.

On Wednesday, Mr. Rubio, an author of the bipartisan bill being debated, took to the Senate floor to explain â€" and at times defend â€" his involvement in the largest immigration overhaul in decades.

Mr. Rubio, who was elected to the Senate in 2010 on a Tea Party wave, began by acknowledging all of the phone calls and e-mail messages â€" not always happy ones, he noted â€" that he had received in recent weeks from conservatives and Tea Party activists from around the country. These constituents, he said, were “patriots” â€" not “anti-immigrant” or “close-minded” people, as some pro-immigration advocates have called them.

Then, Mr. Rubio turned to the current immigration system.

“We have a badly brokenlegal immigration system,” he said. “And we have 11 million people living in this country illegally in de facto amnesty.”

Mr. Rubio has been closely watched throughout the entire process, and he has explained (and re-explained) his legislation to conservative television and radio hosts, not to mention his colleagues in both the Senate and the House. On Wednesday he offered further explanation as to why he chose to get involved with a bill to overhaul the nation’s immigration laws.

“This isn’t about becoming a Washington dealmaker,” he said. “Truthfully, it would have been a lot easier to just sit back, vote against any proposal and give speeches about how I would have done it differently.”

“And finally,” he added, “this certainly isn’t about gaining support for future office. Many commentators and leaders, people who I deeply respect and with whom I agree on virtually every other issue, are disappointed about my involvment in this debate.”

Indeed, i! n addition to frustrating many conservatives and Tea Party activists, Mr. Rubio split with his mentor â€" former Senator Jim DeMint of South Carolina, who is now leading the charge against Mr. Rubio’s bill from his perch at the Heritage Foundation â€" on the topic of immigration.

“I got involved in this issue for one simple reason,” Mr. Rubio said. “I ran for office to try and fix things that are hurting this special country, and in the end, that’s what this is about for me â€" trying to fix a serious problem that faces America.”



Q&A: Saving the Phone\'s Battery Power

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Q&A: Renaming a Windows 7 Computer

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Razer\'s Blade a Small, Powerful Gaming Laptop

The Blade uses the Windows 8 operating system. The Blade uses the Windows 8 operating system.

1:01 p.m. | Updated This post was updated to correctly describe the Razer's screen resolution.

How is the performance of Razer's 14-inch Blade gaming laptop? Impressive enough that a dedicated console player shelved his Xbox in favor of the Blade. Considering that console players and computer gamers feud over format supremacy, that's a considerable endorsement.

Gaming devices need fast processors and good screens to make the most of the complex graphics that go into creations like Crysis 3, Metro Last Light and Bioshock Infinite. That usually means the machines are pretty big, run h ot and have noisy cooling fans.

The new Blade is small, not quite 14 inches wide, about 9 inches deep and only two-thirds of an inch thick, weighing four pounds. It runs nearly silently, and as for heat, well, two out of three ain't bad. You won't want it in your lap during extended play.

I lent the computer to my neighbor Mark, an Xbox devotee, who showed me the last 30 games he had played, then remembered he had another drawer full as well. He said he had been a console player for years.

He tested the Blade using Bioshock Infinity, the latest version, which puts the greatest demand on the system. Running the graphics at the highest quality, there were no freezes (after updating the drivers), no crashes and the motion was smooth. Looking straight on, he said, the graphics topped those of his Xbox playing on a 60-inch 1080p Sony Bravia.

The graphics are powered by a fourth-generation Intel Core “Haswell” chip with an i ntegrated HD6400 graphics processor that works with an Nvidia GeForce GTX graphics card to keep motion fluid. It comes configured with eight gigabytes of RAM and a solid-state hard drive of either 128 gigabytes ($1,800), 256 gigs ($2,000), or 512 gigs ($2,300).

That kind of power is good for graphic editing, too, so it might be a machine photographers and videographers would consider, although they will probably need to add an off-board or external hard drive to augment the Blade's scant memory.

With the Blade, you are seeing HD+ (900 lines of resolution horizontally, not 1080). That was a conscious decision by Razer, said a spokesman, because a Windows 8 desktop won't scale to 1080 â€" it would
make lettering tiny. That's a problem, assuming people will not dedicate the laptop solely to games.

Although the Blade has built-in speakers, they are weak. You'll want a headset or accessory set.

An earlier version of this post incorrectly described th e screen definition of the Razer. It is not 720p. It is HD+.



Q&A: Recycling Responsibly at Any Time

Q.

I try to recycle my old computers and electronics responsibly, but my town only has e-waste disposal days every so often. Where else I can take stuff?

A.

The Environmental Protection Agency's Web site has links to several national electronics-recycling programs, but if you live near a Best Buy or a Staples outlet, you can usually drop off old equipment for responsible recycling right at the store. Best Buy has information on what it accepts here and Staples outlines its free service here.

Some computer makers have take-back programs of their own where you can mail or drop off old gear for recycling. These include Dell (which works with 2,000 Goodwill Stores and has a mail-in service, as described on the company's site) and HP. Apple usually accepts old Macs, PCs and iOS devices and will sometimes convert the value of the item into an Apple Gift Card. Companies like Gazelle and Amazon have trade-in services f or old equipment that may still have resale potential.



A Small Bluetooth Speaker Named Boom

The cylindrical Boom, at about 3 inches around and 7 inches tall, is a bit larger than a can and a half of Red Bull. The cylindrical Boom, at about 3 inches around and 7 inches tall, is a bit larger than a can and a half of Red Bull.

Just in time to annoy the people on the neighboring beach blanket, Ultimate Ears has produced the aptly named Boom, a Bluetooth sound dock that is both compact and loud.

The cylindrical Boom, at about 3 inches around and 7 inches tall, is a bit larger than a can and a half of Red Bull. It weighs about 19 ounces â€" about the same as two Red Bulls.

The remarkable thing about the Boom is how much sound it can produce. Played in a roughly 10-by-10-foot room, it was almost o verwhelming. The quality of the sound, however, was not as remarkable. While it was loud and distortion free, it was also indistinct. There were no particularly notable highs or lows, just a general lack of clarity.

The reason for that could be - at least partly - that the left and right speakers are so close together. Although Ultimate Ears advertises “360-degree sound,” it doesn't say stereo sound. You can get true stereo by linking two Booms to one phone or tablet. It can be set so one Boom plays the left channel, the other the right. But at $200 each, it's an expensive solution. You can put a single Boom on the floor in a corner of a room so the reflections off the walls improve the stereo effect (and increase the bass), but you won't find too many corner walls at the beach or poolside.

The Bluetooth was easy to connect, and the Boom signals, with a whimsical bongo beat, when it is on or off and that it's connected to another device. It also has an oversize plus and minus on the side, so you know what to press when the neighbors are yelling at you to turn it down.

The Boom claims 15 hours of battery life, is available in black, blue, olive green, pink, red, and white, and is water resistant, but not submersible.



Tip of the Week: Make a Desktop Wallpaper Slideshow

Tired of your static desktop background? You can create wallpaper slideshow that cycles through your summer vacation photos to liven up the workday between spreadsheets.

In Windows 7, collect the photos you want to use in a folder and go to the Start menu to Control Panel. Under Appearance and Personalization, click “Change desktop background.” (You can also right-click on the desktop, select Personalize from the menu and click Desktop Background in the resulting box.) In the “Choose your desktop background” box, click the Browse button and select your folder of pictures; turn off the checkbox next to photos you would rather skip. With the drop-down menu at the bottom of the box, select how often you would like the wallpaper to change (and if you want to slideshow to still run when the computer is on battery power) and click Save Changes. Microsoft's site has more information.

In OS X for the Mac, go to the Apple menu to System Preferences and click the Desktop & Screensaver icon, or just right-click on the desktop and select Change Desktop Background. On the Desktop tab, select the folder of pictures you want to use from the list on the left side of the box. Turn on the checkbox next to “Change picture,” select an interval from the drop-down menu and close the box when finished. Apple's site has illustrated instructions.



The Science of Protecting Your Phone

The Impact Band cellphone case for the iPhone 5 from Tech 21. The Impact Band cellphone case for the iPhone 5 from Tech 21.
The Tech21 Impact Mesh case for the Samsung Galaxy S4. The Tech21 Impact Mesh case for the Samsung Galaxy S4.

Tech21 has a lot of confidence in its smartphone cases, so much so that it trademarked Impactology, its term for “the science of protection.”

But Impactology is more smart innovation than marketing gimmi ck. The cases made by Tech21, a London-based company, contain a polymer material called D30 that protects devices by absorbing and redirecting the force of an impact. The latest offerings that come with Impactology assurance include two cases, the Impact Mesh and the Impact Band for the iPhone 5, both available at Apple stores in the United States.

The cases have a slim design that is easy to grip and protects the phone while still providing access to all buttons and ports. The Impact Band case, which costs $30, is basically just a bumper that fits around the rim of a smartphone. But a separate hard plastic back makes for an awkward fit.

Much more accommodating is the $35 Impact Mesh case, which has an integrated back made of flexible plastic. The one-piece design makes the case easier to use and provides better protection.

The D30 is visible as orange goo in the ring in both cases, offering a striking look in the smoky and clear designs. Colored cases are also available.

Both cases have a raised bezel that provides ample screen protection. For those who want an extra guard against scratches, Tech21 makes Impact Shield, a $35 multilayer screen protector that is easy to apply, but not so easy to smooth out, leaving bubbles on the screen.

Tech21 also makes cases for a wide variety of other mobile devices, including the Galaxy S4, the iPad and the MacBook, available directly from the company, although the cost is a little higher across the Atlantic.

A lot of case manufacturers assert that their products can protect the phone from a knock or drop, but I'm always reluctant to test those claims. With my iPhone encased in Impactology ware, I was gleefully showing off to my co-workers by rapping the phone on my desktop and tossing it to the floor.



The Science of Protecting Your Phone

The Impact Band cellphone case for the iPhone 5 from Tech 21. The Impact Band cellphone case for the iPhone 5 from Tech 21.
The Tech21 Impact Mesh case for the Samsung Galaxy S4. The Tech21 Impact Mesh case for the Samsung Galaxy S4.

Tech21 has a lot of confidence in its smartphone cases, so much so that it trademarked Impactology, its term for “the science of protection.”

But Impactology is more smart innovation than marketing gimmick. The cases made by Tech21, a London-based company, contain a polymer material called D30 that protects devices by absorbing and redirecting the force of an impact. The latest offerings that come with Impactology assurance include two cases, the Impact Mesh and the Impact Band for the iPhone 5, both available at Apple stores in the United States.

The cases have a slim design that is easy to grip and protects the phone while still providing access to all buttons and ports. The Impact Band case, which costs $30, is basically just a bumper that fits around the rim of a smartphone. But a separate hard plastic back makes for an awkward fit.

Much more accommodating is the $35 Impact Mesh case, which has an integrated back made of flexible plastic. The one-piece design makes the case easier to use and provides better protection.

The D30 is visible as orange goo in the ring in both cases, offering a striking look in the smoky and clear designs. Colored cases are also av! ailable.

Both cases have a raised bezel that provides ample screen protection. For those who want an extra guard against scratches, Tech21 makes Impact Shield, a $35 multilayer screen protector that is easy to apply, but not so easy to smooth out, leaving bubbles on the screen.

Tech21 also makes cases for a wide variety of other mobile devices, including the Galaxy S4, the iPad and the MacBook, available directly from the company, although the cost is a little higher across the Atlantic.

A lot of case manufacturers assert that their products can protect the phone from a knock or drop, but I’m always reluctant to test those claims. With my iPhone encased in Impactology ware, I was gleefully showing off to my co-workers by rapping the phone on my desktop and tossing it to the floor.



The Science of Protecting Your Phone

The Impact Band cellphone case for the iPhone 5 from Tech 21. The Impact Band cellphone case for the iPhone 5 from Tech 21.
The Tech21 Impact Mesh case for the Samsung Galaxy S4. The Tech21 Impact Mesh case for the Samsung Galaxy S4.

Tech21 has a lot of confidence in its smartphone cases, so much so that it trademarked Impactology, its term for “the science of protection.”

But Impactology is more smart innovation than marketing gimmick. The cases made by Tech21, a London-based company, contain a polymer material called D30 that protects devices by absorbing and redirecting the force of an impact. The latest offerings that come with Impactology assurance include two cases, the Impact Mesh and the Impact Band for the iPhone 5, both available at Apple stores in the United States.

The cases have a slim design that is easy to grip and protects the phone while still providing access to all buttons and ports. The Impact Band case, which costs $30, is basically just a bumper that fits around the rim of a smartphone. But a separate hard plastic back makes for an awkward fit.

Much more accommodating is the $35 Impact Mesh case, which has an integrated back made of flexible plastic. The one-piece design makes the case easier to use and provides better protection.

The D30 is visible as orange goo in the ring in both cases, offering a striking look in the smoky and clear designs. Colored cases are also av! ailable.

Both cases have a raised bezel that provides ample screen protection. For those who want an extra guard against scratches, Tech21 makes Impact Shield, a $35 multilayer screen protector that is easy to apply, but not so easy to smooth out, leaving bubbles on the screen.

Tech21 also makes cases for a wide variety of other mobile devices, including the Galaxy S4, the iPad and the MacBook, available directly from the company, although the cost is a little higher across the Atlantic.

A lot of case manufacturers assert that their products can protect the phone from a knock or drop, but I’m always reluctant to test those claims. With my iPhone encased in Impactology ware, I was gleefully showing off to my co-workers by rapping the phone on my desktop and tossing it to the floor.



Tip of the Week: Make a Desktop Wallpaper Slideshow

Tired of your static desktop background? You can create wallpaper slideshow that cycles through your summer vacation photos to liven up the workday between spreadsheets.

In Windows 7, collect the photos you want to use in a folder and go to the Start menu to Control Panel. Under Appearance and Personalization, click “Change desktop background.” (You can also right-click on the desktop, select Personalize from the menu and click Desktop Background in the resulting box.) In the “Choose your desktop background” box, click the Browse button and select your folder of pictures; turn off the checkbox next to photos you would rather skip. With the drop-down menu at the bottom of the box, select how often you would like the wallpaper to change (and if you want to slideshow to still run when the computer is on battery power) and click Save Changes. Microsoft’s site has more infrmation.

In OS X for the Mac, go to the Apple menu to System Preferences and click the Desktop & Screensaver icon, or just right-click on the desktop and select Change Desktop Background. On the Desktop tab, select the folder of pictures you want to use from the list on the left side of the box. Turn on the checkbox next to “Change picture,” select an interval from the drop-down menu and close the box when finished. Apple’s site has illustrated instructions.



Tip of the Week: Make a Desktop Wallpaper Slideshow

Tired of your static desktop background? You can create wallpaper slideshow that cycles through your summer vacation photos to liven up the workday between spreadsheets.

In Windows 7, collect the photos you want to use in a folder and go to the Start menu to Control Panel. Under Appearance and Personalization, click “Change desktop background.” (You can also right-click on the desktop, select Personalize from the menu and click Desktop Background in the resulting box.) In the “Choose your desktop background” box, click the Browse button and select your folder of pictures; turn off the checkbox next to photos you would rather skip. With the drop-down menu at the bottom of the box, select how often you would like the wallpaper to change (and if you want to slideshow to still run when the computer is on battery power) and click Save Changes. Microsoft’s site has more infrmation.

In OS X for the Mac, go to the Apple menu to System Preferences and click the Desktop & Screensaver icon, or just right-click on the desktop and select Change Desktop Background. On the Desktop tab, select the folder of pictures you want to use from the list on the left side of the box. Turn on the checkbox next to “Change picture,” select an interval from the drop-down menu and close the box when finished. Apple’s site has illustrated instructions.



A Guide to The Times’s Coverage of the Supreme Court Decisions on Gay Marriage

The Supreme Court is expected to rule on two cases involving same-sex marriage on Wednesday, shortly after 10 a.m., concluding one of the more consequential weeks in recent years at the court.

One of the two cases concerns the federal Defense of Marriage Act of 1996, which denies federal benefits to gay and lesbian couples married in states that allow such unions. The second case challenges Proposition 8, California’s ban on same-sex marriage.

We realize that people will be eager to know what the rulings mean as soon as they are released (and you can read the decisions yourself when they are posted on the court’s Web site). But we also want to point out that the immediate descriptions of any ruling may not be very meaningful.

For one thing, a ruling could be complicated, as were last year’s halth care ruling and the 2000 Bush v. Gore decision, and not amenable to instant summarizing.

To complicate matters, the court seems likely to release the decisions separately, with several minutes between them. Court watchers generally expect the Defense of Marriage Act case to appear first, although anything is possible, including the rulings being released together.

Dozens of journalists for The New York Times, in Washington, California, New York and around the country, will be covering the rulings and the reactions to them by the public and those directly affected. At the center of the coverage is Adam Liptak, the Supreme Court reporter for The Times (and a lawyer), who will be in court to hear the rulings. He offered a preview of the decisions this week, and what they will say about the justices’ vision of equality, in Sunday’s New York Times.

The moment that we feel! comfortable with a ruling’s basic meaning, which could be almost immediately, we plan to explain the decision. But we promise not to bombard you with guesswork or unintelligible legal technicalities. The Times will also run blog posts from the legal experts at SCOTUSblog on our own site, as well as ask other outside experts to help readers understand the decision. Once the initial meaning of the ruling seems clear, Times reporters and editors will be analyzing it in real time, on our live blog dedicated to the ruling and on stories appearing across our digital platforms. We will also post updates to Twitter on @thecaucus and @nytimes, and post selected reactions from readers.

We expect to have Mr. Liptak’s initial story about any ruling by late morning or shortly after noon, not long after the court’s session has ended.

For background on same-sex marriage, we recommend: Mr. Liptak’s article on the history of gay clerks at the Supreme Court; on the legal strategy, with roots in San Francisco, that helped push the cases to the court so quickly; on the shadow of Roe v. Wade; and on the two days of oral arguments earlier this year. We also recommend Ashley Parker’s article on ! younger o! pponents of same-sex marriage; Sheryl Gay Stolberg’s profile of Brian S. Brown, a leading opponent of same-sex marriage, as well as her article on Ken Mehlman, a former Bush adviser turned advocate for same-sex marriage; Michael D. Shear’s article on the decisions that may await President Obama; and a recent New York Times/CBS poll, as described by Ms. Stolberg and Dalia Sussman.



Democratic Donors to Attend Fund-Raising Meeting for Pro-Clinton Group

Two dozen of the Democratic Party’s leading donors will gather for breakfast with allies of Hillary Clinton in New York on Thursday to discuss raising money for a pro-Clinton “super PAC,” according to people with knowledge of the event.

The meeting is being hosted by Michael Kempner, a New Jersey public relations executive and one of President Obama’s top national fund-raisers in the 2012 campaign, and will feature Harold Ickes, a longtime Clinton confidant who has begun advising the group, Ready for Hillary. Rafi Jafri, who was Mrs. Clinton’s Illinois fund-raising director during her 2008 bid for president, is also helping to organize the breakfast, according to an invitation obtained by The New York Times.

The event underscores how rapidly members of Mrs. Clinton’s inner circle are moving to harness and shape the political energy already building around a potential presidential campaign by Mrs. Clinton, less than six months after Mr. Obama was sworn in for his second term. Mrs. Cinton’s grass-roots supporters and some senior Democrats are already publicly declaring their allegiance to Mrs. Clinton, an undeclared candidate who may be years away from formally entering the 2016 race, if she does at all.

With Mrs. Clinton busy setting up shop at her family’s foundation and seemingly determined to steer clear of partisan politics for the time being, pieces of her political network are coalescing around groups like Ready for Hillary, formed in January by two former campaign volunteers. At first viewed warily by the Clinton world, in recent months the upstart group has been endorsed or informally advised by a sle! w of Clinton loyalists, including James Carville and Craig Smith, both former political advisers to President Bill Clinton.

Other groups are also springing up around the country, as political operatives and donors maneuver for position and pre-eminence in a campaign that does not yet even exist â€" but which many of them hope will spring into being after the 2014 midterm elections. Other groups are focused on aiding Terry McAuliffe, a Clinton ally who is running for governor of Virginia this year but has played a central role in every major campaign or fund-raising effort of the Clintons since the mid-1990s.

Invited to Thursday’s breakfast are a mix of Clinton and Obama fund-raisers as well as some Republican donors who have expressed interest in a Clinton bid, according to one person involved with the event.



The Early Word: Dismantled

On the Road - The Caucus Blog

Today’s Times

  • The Supreme Court on Tuesday effectively struck down the heart of the Voting Rights Act of 1965, freeing nine states, mostly in the South, to change their election laws without advance federal approval, Adam Liptak reports.
  • But those who have studied the region closely say that a more unstoppable force is approaching that will alter the power structure throughout the South and upend the understanding of politics there: demographic change, Jonathan Martin writes.
  • President Obama announced sweeping measures to reduce greenhouse gas pollution on Tuesday, starting the clock on his goal to draft and put into place a complicated set of climate change rules in just two years, Mark Landler and John M. Broder report. He aims to reduce emissions by 17 percent by 2020, wholeheartedly embracing an issue that could help define his legacy.
  • Though immigration legislation has solid bipartisan support in the Senate, the fate of the bill remains in doubt, Jonathan Weisman reports. Republicans in the House are torn between pleasing their constituents and courting Hispanic voters.

Happenings in Washington

  • Vice President Joseph R. Biden Jr. will administer the oath of office at the swearing-in ceremony for Penny Pritzker as secretary of commerce.
  • The Smithsonian will host the F! olklife Festival on the National Mall on Wednesday, focusing on endangered languages and cultural programs.